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const Redis = require('ioredis');
class RedisTokenBucketRateLimit {
constructor(options = {}) { this.options = { redis: { host: 'localhost', port: 6379, password: '', db: 0, connectTimeout: 5000 }, capacity: 100, refillRate: 10, limitKey: 'ip', whiteList: [], errorMsg: '请求过于频繁,请稍后再试', keyExpire: 3600, ...options };
this.redis = new Redis({ ...this.options.redis, retryStrategy: (times) => { const delay = Math.min(times * 100, 3000); return delay; } });
this.redis.on('error', (err) => { console.error('[Redis限流中间件] 连接失败,降级为单机限流:', err.message); this.redisAvailable = false; this.localBuckets = new Map(); this.startLocalRefillTimer(); });
this.redis.on('connect', () => { console.log('[Redis限流中间件] Redis连接成功'); this.redisAvailable = true; });
this.luaScript = ` -- 获取配置参数 local capacity = tonumber(ARGV[1]) local refillRate = tonumber(ARGV[2]) local now = tonumber(ARGV[3]) local keyExpire = tonumber(ARGV[4])
-- 获取令牌桶当前状态(hash: {tokens, lastRefillTime}) local bucket = redis.call('HMGET', KEYS[1], 'tokens', 'lastRefillTime') local tokens = tonumber(bucket[1]) or capacity -- 初始令牌=桶容量 local lastRefillTime = tonumber(bucket[2]) or now -- 初始时间=当前时间
-- 计算自上次补充的时间差(秒) local timeDiff = math.max(0, now - lastRefillTime) / 1000 -- 补充令牌(不超过桶容量) tokens = math.min(capacity, tokens + timeDiff * refillRate)
-- 尝试消耗1个令牌 local allowed = 1 if tokens >= 1 then tokens = tokens - 1 allowed = 1 else allowed = 0 end
-- 更新令牌桶状态到Redis,并设置过期时间 redis.call('HMSET', KEYS[1], 'tokens', tokens, 'lastRefillTime', now) redis.call('EXPIRE', KEYS[1], keyExpire)
-- 返回结果:是否允许请求、剩余令牌数 return {allowed, tokens} `;
this.scriptSha = null; this.loadLuaScript(); }
async loadLuaScript() { if (!this.redisAvailable) return; try { this.scriptSha = await this.redis.script('LOAD', this.luaScript); } catch (err) { console.error('[Redis限流中间件] 加载Lua脚本失败:', err.message); } }
getLimitKey(ctx) { let key; if (this.options.limitKey === 'ip') { key = ctx.ip; } else if (this.options.limitKey === 'userId') { key = ctx.state.user?.id || ctx.ip; } return `rate_limit:${this.options.limitKey}:${key}`; }
async tryConsumeRedis(key) { if (!this.redisAvailable || !this.scriptSha) { return this.tryConsumeLocal(key); }
try { const [allowed] = await this.redis.evalsha( this.scriptSha, 1, key, this.options.capacity, this.options.refillRate, Date.now(), this.options.keyExpire ); return allowed === 1; } catch (err) { console.error('[Redis限流中间件] 执行Lua脚本失败,降级为单机限流:', err.message); return this.tryConsumeLocal(key); } }
tryConsumeLocal(key) { if (!this.localBuckets.has(key)) { this.localBuckets.set(key, { tokens: this.options.capacity, lastRefillTime: Date.now() }); } const bucket = this.localBuckets.get(key); const timeDiff = (Date.now() - bucket.lastRefillTime) / 1000; bucket.tokens = Math.min(this.options.capacity, bucket.tokens + timeDiff * this.options.refillRate); bucket.lastRefillTime = Date.now(); if (bucket.tokens >= 1) { bucket.tokens -= 1; return true; } return false; }
startLocalRefillTimer() { if (this.localRefillTimer) return; this.localRefillTimer = setInterval(() => { const now = Date.now(); for (const [key, bucket] of this.localBuckets) { const timeDiff = (now - bucket.lastRefillTime) / 1000; bucket.tokens = Math.min(this.options.capacity, bucket.tokens + timeDiff * this.options.refillRate); bucket.lastRefillTime = now; } }, 1000); }
middleware() { return async (ctx, next) => { const limitKey = this.getLimitKey(ctx);
const rawKey = limitKey.replace(`rate_limit:${this.options.limitKey}:`, ''); if (this.options.whiteList.includes(rawKey)) { await next(); return; }
const allowed = await this.tryConsumeRedis(limitKey); if (!allowed) { ctx.status = 429; ctx.body = { code: 429, msg: this.options.errorMsg, data: null }; return; }
await next(); }; }
close() { if (this.redis) { this.redis.quit(); } if (this.localRefillTimer) { clearInterval(this.localRefillTimer); } } }
module.exports = (options) => { const rateLimit = new RedisTokenBucketRateLimit(options); process.on('exit', () => rateLimit.close()); return rateLimit.middleware(); };
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